[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":336},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zh-cn:CommonContent:/news/2024-10-28-oma-1.12.0-rc4":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"categories":325,"date":327,"description":301,"extension":328,"home":329,"important":330,"meta":331,"navigation":330,"path":332,"seo":333,"stem":334,"__hash__":335},"zhCN/news/2024-10-28-oma-1.12.0-rc4.md","小熊猫包管理 (oma) v1.12.0-rc4 测试公告",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":311},"minimark",[9,17,20,23,26,30,34,50,53,59,70,75,78,83,87,94,99,102,109,116,122,125,134,141,146,151,154,159,162,167,171,174,177,182,185,231,234,286,289,292,302,305],[10,11,12],"p",{},[13,14],"img",{"alt":15,"src":16},".deb 包管理哪家强？o... oma!","/assets/news/o-oma-slim.png",[10,18,19],{},"历经一个月的设计、开发与测试，oma 1.12.0 终于与大家见面了！",[10,21,22],{},"本次更新包含超过 10 个新特性，让 oma 更好用、更符合安同 OS 用户的需要：其中，我们大幅度增强了软件包与系统特性保护功能、为操作内容阅读器新增了搜索功能、翻修了软件源镜像管理器的界面，还对无用软件包清理、非交互模式界面和诸多 oma 子命令进行了增强和优化。",[10,24,25],{},"让我们一起了解本次 oma 特性更新带来的各种新功能和修复吧！",[27,28,29],"h2",{"id":29},"新特性",[31,32,33],"h3",{"id":33},"关键系统特性与必备包保护功能",[10,35,36,37,44,45,49],{},"长久以来，Linux 系统中桌面等关键组件被“卸穿”的事故频频发生，也成为影响用户安全感的主要因素之一。为了解决这一问题，我们设计了",[38,39,43],"a",{"href":40,"rel":41},"https://wiki.aosc.io/zh/developer/packaging/feature-marking-guidelines/",[42],"nofollow","《系统特性标记规范》","并对一部分系统组件进行了标记 (",[46,47,48],"code",{},"X-AOSC-Feature",")，让用户更清晰地了解系统软件包与具体系统特性的关系、区分应用程序和系统组件。",[10,51,52],{},"我们在 oma 1.12 中新增了读取这一数据的支持，在探测到用户操作导致关键系统组件被卸载时将默认中止操作，并提示用户操作可能影响到的具体系统特性：",[10,54,55],{},[13,56],{"alt":57,"src":58},"image","/assets/news/oma1.12-1.png",[10,60,61,62,65,66,69],{},"当然，如果您确实需要对这些系统组件进行增减、自定义操作，您可以关闭 oma 的保护机制（",[46,63,64],{},"protect_essentials"," 设置为 ",[46,67,68],{},"false","）并重试上述操作：",[10,71,72],{},[13,73],{"alt":57,"src":74},"/assets/news/oma1.12-2.png",[10,76,77],{},"此外，我们还更新了关闭保护机制后删除必备 (Essential) 组件时的警告与确认界面：",[10,79,80],{},[13,81],{"alt":57,"src":82},"/assets/news/oma1.12-3.png",[31,84,86],{"id":85},"内容阅读器搜索功能","内容阅读器：搜索功能",[10,88,89,90,93],{},"先前，我们将 oma 的阅读器 (pager) 功能改为内部实现，但此前 ",[46,91,92],{},"less"," 提供的搜索功能便丢失了。为解决这一问题，oma 1.12 为内容阅读器 (pager) 新增了字符搜索功能（感谢 @wxwind 的贡献！）:",[10,95,96],{},[13,97],{"alt":57,"src":98},"/assets/news/oma1.12-4.png",[31,100,101],{"id":101},"软件包清理提示",[10,103,104,105,108],{},"在更新系统、卸载软件的过程中，难免会产生一系列不再需要的软件包。实际上，oma 如同 APT 一般，都有通过 ",[46,106,107],{},"autoremove"," 删除多余软件包的功能，但这一信息一直对用户的可见度都不高。",[10,110,111,112,115],{},"因此，oma 1.12 新增了在 ",[46,113,114],{},"oma install/remove/upgrade ..."," 操作完成后的不必要软件包的卸载提示：",[10,117,118],{},[13,119],{"alt":120,"src":121},"屏幕截图_20241028_204933","/assets/news/oma1.12-5.png",[31,123,124],{"id":124},"软件源镜像管理器",[10,126,127,128,133],{},"作为一个先前鲜有用户使用的功能，",[38,129,132],{"href":130,"rel":131},"https://github.com/AOSC-Dev/mirrormgr",[42],"mirrormgr"," 软件源镜像管理器一直是作为外部插件接入 oma 供用户们使用的，界面也少有打磨。",[10,135,136,137,140],{},"作为 oma 1.12 开发目标的一部分，我们将这一功能直接集成到了 oma 中，以期增强体验一致性（本地化、补全等特性均直接复用 oma 的开发设施）。此外，我们还为 ",[46,138,139],{},"oma mirrors"," 引入了两个新功能：",[10,142,143,145],{},[46,144,139],{}," 交互界面会将已启用的源放到最上面，更方便用户了解当前配置：",[10,147,148],{},[13,149],{"alt":57,"src":150},"/assets/news/oma1.12-6.png",[10,152,153],{},"我们还对软件源测速功能进行了翻修，并清理测试与结果界面：",[10,155,156],{},[13,157],{"alt":57,"src":158},"/assets/news/oma1.12-7.png",[10,160,161],{},"在测速后，还会对每个软件源镜像的测速结果进行排序，呈现给用户作为参考：",[10,163,164],{},[13,165],{"alt":57,"src":166},"/assets/news/oma1.12-8.png",[31,168,170],{"id":169},"非交互模式下载速率显示","非交互模式：下载速率显示",[10,172,173],{},"在 oma 逐渐在社区各类自动化设施中取代 APT 后，oma 非交互模式的一些体验问题也逐步显现了出来。其中最突出的便是网速较慢时，oma 下载过程中不显示瞬时下载速率，让不少社区维护者都以为误以为 oma “卡死”了。",[10,175,176],{},"为解决这一问题，我们为 oma 的非交互模式下的下载界面中新增了下载进度显示（每隔三秒钟打印一次传输进度）：",[10,178,179],{},[13,180],{"alt":57,"src":181},"/assets/news/oma1.12-9.png",[31,183,184],{"id":184},"其他特性",[186,187,188,203,212,221,228],"ul",{},[189,190,191,194,195,198,199,202],"li",{},[46,192,193],{},"oma install/remove/upgrade"," 命令新增 ",[46,196,197],{},"--force-unsafe-io"," 参数：指定该参数时将禁用 ",[46,200,201],{},"dpkg"," 文件操作时的同步、备份等保障措施；该参数旨在大幅度提高某些使用场景下软件包安装的速度，节省如 Ciel 等容器环境下重建环境的耗时，但在意外断电、系统崩溃等情况下将无法保障软件包数据写入完整，请谨慎启用",[189,204,205,194,208,211],{},[46,206,207],{},"oma list",[46,209,210],{},"--autoremovable"," 参数，可列出系统中可清理的软件包",[189,213,214,194,217,220],{},[46,215,216],{},"oma show/depends/rdepends/list/search",[46,218,219],{},"--json"," 参数，可输出程序可读的解析结果（JSON 格式）",[189,222,223,224,227],{},"新增全局选项 ",[46,225,226],{},"--apt-options (-o)"," ，使用该选项后传入任意 APT 选项即可修改 oma 的包管理行为",[189,229,230],{},"为“软件包提示（您可能在找）”界面添加等待状态提示，改善 Ubuntu/Debian 及衍生发行版中等待时间较长时界面行为不清晰的问题",[27,232,233],{"id":233},"问题修复",[186,235,236,243,252,259,270,276,279],{},[189,237,238,239,242],{},"修复 DEB822 软件源配置格式文件中 ",[46,240,241],{},"Signed-By"," 项未正确识别的问题，Ubuntu 下 PPA 源无法使用的问题也随之得到解决（感谢 @tomyushiyan 的问题报告！）",[189,244,245,246,65,249,251],{},"修复 APT 配置文件指定类型源为不刷新（",[46,247,248],{},"DefaultEnabled",[46,250,68],{},"）时，oma 仍执行刷新的问题",[189,253,254,255,258],{},"修复在 ",[46,256,257],{},"sudo"," 环境下 SSH 环境检测失效，导致 oma 意外输出 OSC11 字符的问题",[189,260,261,262,265,266,269],{},"修复 APT 软件源元数据文件名未正确将字符 ",[46,263,264],{},"-"," 转义为 ",[46,267,268],{},"%40"," 的问题",[189,271,254,272,275],{},[46,273,274],{},"tmux/screen"," 等多人协作环境中，oma 操作时意外输出 OSC11 字符的问题",[189,277,278],{},"修复在 TUI 界面中使用空格 (Space) 键选中已安装的包后取消选中时，oma 无故崩溃的问题（感谢 QQ 群好友 @寻觅 的问题报告）",[189,280,281,282,285],{},"修复 ",[46,283,284],{},"oma undo/history"," 界面中因为终端高度不够显示所选项缺失的问题（感谢 @GGN_2015 的问题报告）",[27,287,288],{"id":288},"测试指引",[10,290,291],{},"安同 OS 可通过如下命令获取 oma 1.12.0-rc4 测试版更新：",[293,294,299],"pre",{"className":295,"code":297,"language":298},[296],"language-text","oma topics --opt-in oma-1.12.0-rc.4\n","text",[46,300,297],{"__ignoreMap":301},"",[10,303,304],{},"Debian、Ubuntu、deepin 及 openKylin 用户可通过如下命令获取 oma（目前暂未区分测试源及稳定源，可直接获取 1.12.0-rc4 版更新）：",[293,306,309],{"className":307,"code":308,"language":298},[296],"curl -sSf https://repo.aosc.io/get-oma.sh | sudo sh\n",[46,310,308],{"__ignoreMap":301},{"title":301,"searchDepth":312,"depth":312,"links":313},2,[314,323,324],{"id":29,"depth":312,"text":29,"children":315},[316,318,319,320,321,322],{"id":33,"depth":317,"text":33},3,{"id":85,"depth":317,"text":86},{"id":101,"depth":317,"text":101},{"id":124,"depth":317,"text":124},{"id":169,"depth":317,"text":170},{"id":184,"depth":317,"text":184},{"id":233,"depth":312,"text":233},{"id":288,"depth":312,"text":288},[326],"advisories","2024-10-28T14:00:00.000Z","md",false,true,{},"/news/2024-10-28-oma-1.12.0-rc4",{"title":5,"description":301},"news/2024-10-28-oma-1.12.0-rc4","wjs0onza7CEkx28ZKj-DAjwYG21hdyytyLmGHviqkOo",1773742824730]